�Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have discovered in mice that the brain must create new nerve cells for either exercise or antidepressants to reduce depression-like behavior.
In gain, the researchers found that antidepressants and exercise consumption the same biochemical footpath to exert their effects.
These results power help explain some unknown mechanisms of antidepressants and provide a new guidance for developing drugs to treat depression, said Dr. Luis Parada, chairman of developmental biology and aged author of a study in the Aug. 14 issue of the journal Neuron.
In animals, it was already known that long-term treatment with antidepressants causes new mettle cells to be generated in a part of the nous called the dentate gyrus. Exercise, which can likewise relieve the symptoms of depression, stimulates the generation of new nerve cells in the same area.
"We would never claim that what we study in mice directly relates to how antidepressants work in humans, but there are interesting features in parallel of latitude," Dr. Parada said. "The study unifies different observations that point to the brain's dentate gyrus region and to creation of nerve cells as existence important in depression."
Antidepressants dissemble very quickly to increase levels of natural compounds, called neurotransmitters, which face cells use to communicate. It takes several weeks to several months, still, for the patients wHO respond to such treatments to feel less down. Dr. Parada said this implies that some other long-term mechanism is likewise at work.
The current study was intentional to screen several phenomena that have long been observed in animal studies but have not been studied together to see if they are linked, Dr. Parada said.
The researchers focused on a speck called TrkB, or Track-B, which is found on the open of mettle cells and responds to several growth factors to cause new nerves to grow in the dentate gyrus.
They genetically engineered mice to deficiency TrkB specifically in the stem cells that give rise to new neurons, then gave them antidepressants for several weeks or allowed them to run on wheels. When the mice were tested for depressive demeanor, the tests revealed that neither the antidepressants nor the physical exertion had helped them, and the animals also had not full-grown new nerve cells in the dentate gyrus.
"At least in mice, this termination directly links antidepressants and voluntary employment with TrkB-mediated creation of nerve cells," Dr. Parada said.
The results also showed that antidepressants required TrkB to brace the ontogenesis of new nerve cells.
Matching the timeframe for medicated patients to feel less depressed, it takes several weeks for new mettle cells to grow, Dr. Parada aforementioned. This parallel of latitude effect, he said, may mean that antidepressants need to brace growth of new cells in the dentate convolution in order to reach their good effect.
"We can get biochemical, physiological, behavioural and anatomic results in animal models," Dr. Parada said. "These all resonate with the human condition, so possibly you have a physiologic relevancy.
"There could be a way to stimulate growth of nerve cells to fight depression, for example."
Other UT Southwestern researchers tortuous in the study were lead author Yun Li, graduate scholar in developmental biology; Bryan Luikart, old graduate pupil in developmental biology; Dr. Shari Birnbaum, assistant prof of psychiatry; Jian Chen, student research assistant in developmental biology; Dr. Chang-Hyuk Kwon, instructor of developmental biology; Dr. Steven Kernie, associate prof of pedology; and Dr. Rhonda Bassel-Duby, associate prof of molecular biology.
The work out was supported by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.
Visit hTTP://www.utsouthwestern.org/neurosciences to learn more about UT Southwestern's clinical services in neurosciences.
Dr. Luis Parada -- http://www.utsouthwestern.edu/findfac/professional/0,2356,15510,00.html
Source: Aline McKenzie
UT Southwestern Medical Center
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Tuesday, 2 September 2008
Saturday, 23 August 2008
Mastamindz on front lines of rap
Some bands postpone gigs and rehearsals if their lead singer is fight a cold.
When Mastamindz can�t get together, it�s because their frontman is fight insurgents in Iraq.
Since the Rhode Island rap-hardcore rock candy band, which plays Harpers Ferry in Allston tomorrow, first formed in 2000, vocalist M-1 has worn out more than two days away from home. His last deployment was a 15-month tour in Iraq that all over last January.
�Soon after we started the band I had to go away to boot camp, so we�ve been through this all before,� M-1, a sergeant in the Rhode Island Army National Guard, said by telephone set from a base in East Greenwich. �They too know that I�m scheduled to go to Afghanistan in 2009, so we�ll be passing through it all over again.�
Though demanding, M-1�s military obligations receive never compromised the Mastamindz mission. When he�s overseas, his rhythm section - who go by Tim, Don and Russ - do more than just pen letters.
�The band was sending me beats the whole sentence so I could write lyrics,� M-1 aforesaid. �Being aside definitely makes me more serious. Whenever I get along back we have no problem knocking albums out.�
The latest Mastamindz recording, �Product of Your Environment,� was released last month. The group is also featured on the new Psychopathic Records compilation �Tunnel Runners,� which showcases the cult band Insane Clown Posse�s 14 favourite underground up-and-comers.
In addition to the goodly fan bag Mastamindz has at nursing home in Rhode Island - as well as the 7,000 people they entertain every year at Insane Clown Posse�s annual Gathering of the Juggalos - M-1 has found a large, mostly untapped demographic through and through his military service.
�I had Mastamindz CDs and DVDs sent to me the whole time I was there, and I was giving them to Iraqi kids world Health Organization would never hear us otherwise,� said M-1, who too answers to Matt Moreau. �I likewise sent U.S. soldiers from across the country habitation with resign CDs. That�s how we got so big nationwide.�
As a loyal gesture, M-1 welcomes all past and present military personnel to attend Mastamindz shows relinquish of bill. That said, don�t require him to drop militant neo-con banter on the crowd. M-1 stays more or less apolitical, in the main rhyming about social inequities, partying and growing up poor in Rhode Island.
�It�s not always in my music, simply I did live though this war, so I have opinions on it,� aforesaid M-1, world Health Organization wears a Pat Tillman football jersey onstage in honor of the NFL player killed by friendly fire piece serving in Afghanistan.
�War is bad, simply we�re soldiers who sign-language up to do that job,� he aforesaid. �I value that people care about us dying, but I want them to understand that the military is doing a good thing over there. Come on, we�ve always grown up knowing that the Middle East was a (messed up) place.�
Mastamindz, with Rehab, at Harpers Ferry, Allston, tomorrow. Tickets: $12 in advance, $15 day of show; 800-594-8499.
On A Mission: Vocalist M-1, center, with his Mastamindz mates, volition be deployed to Afghanistan next year.
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Wednesday, 13 August 2008
Green Arrow Plans Jail Break With Help From Joker, Lex Luthor In Upcoming Film
He's a DC Comics hero with nearly 70 years of backstory and mythology, a modern-day Robin Hood world Health Organization uses every tool in his armory to competitiveness for the little guys of Star City, just in the pantheon of great mirthful characters, Oliver Queen (a.k.a. the Green Arrow) ain't exactly the most well-known mask around.
Heck, he won't even be the most well known in his own picture show, scribe Justin Marks told MTV News.
"Oh, we've got Lex Luthor in at that place," Marks joyfully revealed. "I'm pretty sure Riddler gets his crack � Ed Nigma gets his moment."
Tentatively titled "Green Arrow: Escape From Super Max," Marks' take on the titular titan is unlike whatsoever superhero pic out thither in that it takes the familiar tropes of comic book films and mixes them with the long-established traditions of prison movies. In the plastic film, Queen is unjustly locked up in a federal penitentiary for meta-humans and forced to rely on a whole bevy of villains to make his escape � villains like Luthor, Icicle and regular the Joker.
(Want to know what they plan to do with Black Canary? Find knocked out over on the MTV Splash Page blog.)
But the best superhero of all in the Green Arrow prison moving-picture show? Would you believe it's the prison house itself?
"It's a very, very awesome prison. I majored in architecture in college, and design is how I actually started in. For 'Super Max,' design that prison, it had to be the kind of thing that was a reference in and of itself," Marks said. "We're in a world where instead of just now trying to contain a guy who's really big, you're trying to arrest a guy who toilet � in the casing of Icicle � world Health Organization can freeze things. What kind of a cell would a guy wish that indigence in order to have his powers neutralized? So to escape from Super Max they have got to go through the most elaborate heist we've ever seen, involving superpowers. Because the prison itself kind of has superpowers!"
It's a fitting tribute to a character that over the age has been more famed for his team-ups than for his individual adventures, Marks pointed out. Those team-ups admit characters like the Green Lantern in a legendary run in the '70s and Batman in Frank Miller's "The Dark Knight Returns."
You can't find a much punter character, so, if you're DC and your goal is to produce cross-pollinating superhero movies like Marvel has done with "Iron Man" and "The Incredible Hulk."
"What we wanted to do, and I intend we'll continue to do as the studio continues to crowd the flick forward, is to be able to [put Queen] in the center of a much bigger existence," Marks aforesaid. "In the same direction that Marvel is starting to do, when you're in the [filmed] DC Universe [where] this world and this world and this populace � they all be in an interrelated network. It's the kind of thing that I think absolutely is about spelling out a couple different roads for a couple different characters."
That means Queen won't get a traditional origin story along the lines of Bruce Wayne or Peter Parker. But you wouldn't really want that at any rate, Marks asserted.
"By the time a pic like this comes out, we will all see origin stories. And mainstream audiences now are willing to suspend their incredulity to the point that we ass believe that a earth exists where superpowers exist and people dress up in costumes. So now what? Now what do we do? And I call this Superhero 2.0," Marks said. "We do parcel out with his origin � he's got a identical interesting beginning with a desert island and everything else � but we get to the heart and soul of Green Arrow non by screening where he starts just by push him into a tonality moment in his life where everything he has is missed, and he's got to earn it all back. I think for audiences it's sledding to be a great way to get to know a new character."
Queen himself is the "perfect hero" for this sort of reinvention, Marks aforesaid, as he's a B-level super without all the heavy baggage of Batman or Superman. More important, though, he's also a real guy, a mortal without whatever meta-human skills or weapons, a vigilante who gets by on nothing more than his preternatural intellect and guile. That already makes him less like the slaphappy Golden Age caricatures and more like the reinventions so many writers hold necessary these days.
"I see him as the Jason Bourne of superheroes, a guy world Health Organization exists with his have sort of set of tricks. And I think the departure between Ollie Queen and a guy like Bruce Wayne � they're both rich. They both have their things. But Batman is about his equipment and is about his theatricality and about his detective skills. And Green Arrow is a hombre who's truly just the sort of MacGyver type," Marks aforementioned. "In his hand, anything can be a weapon."
For breaking news, celebrity columns, humor and more � updated about the clock � call in MTVMoviesBlog.com.
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Wednesday, 6 August 2008
A Harvest A Shepherd A Bride
Artist: A Harvest A Shepherd A Bride
Genre(s):
Folk
Discography:
Village Music Of Bulgaria
Year: 1968
Tracks: 12
The Great Kat
Thursday, 26 June 2008
The Strokes
Artist: The Strokes
Genre(s):
Rock
Folk
Alternative
Indie
Other
Discography:
First Impressions of Earth
Year: 2006
Tracks: 14
Last Nite
Year: 2005
Tracks: 8
Room on Fire
Year: 2003
Tracks: 11
Alexandra Palace 5th December 2003 (Live)
Year: 2003
Tracks: 15
Live At The Wireless
Year: 2002
Tracks: 10
Live At Shibuya
Year: 2002
Tracks: 14
The Honkers
Year:
Tracks: 13
Is This It
Year:
Tracks: 11
Dj Coco Silco and Dj J.F. Bruno
Wednesday, 18 June 2008
Pivot To Release O Soundtrack My Heart Album
Pivot - Warp's latest signing and new hopes - have confirmed a new album is on the way this Summer.
Already recorded and titled 'O Soundtrack My Heart', the Australian three-piece who take their influences from as wide afield as electronica, prog, punk, new-wave and improvisation, will release their second long-player on August 18th (UK date).
So far, just one single from the album has been issued here: last month's In The Blood, which will be joined by ten other songs you see before you:
Tracklisting:
October
In The Blood
O Soundtrack My Heart
Fool In Rain
Sing, You Sinners
Sweet Memory
Love Like I
Didn't I Furious
Epsilon
Nothing Hurts Machine
My Heart Like Marching Band
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Monday, 9 June 2008
Nicole Richie - Richie Wins Motherhood Award
Socialite NICOLE RICHIE will be honoured with a parenting award - just five months into motherhood.
The Simple Life star - who gave birth to her first child, daughter Harlow, in January (08) - will receive a Golden Pacifier Award from Babytalk Magazine, according to its editor-in-chief Lisa Moran.
Moran tells America's OK! magazine, "Honouring Nicole Richie with a Babytalk Golden Pacifier Award might come as a surprise to some, but we felt that she deserved some recognition for her turnaround since becoming a mom.
"She's grown up a lot since the arrival of little Harlow, and her creation of the Richie-Madden Children's Foundation has demonstrated her efforts to set a good example by shining a spotlight on important issues affecting today's families."
Also to be recognised is former talk show host Ricki Lake for her 2008 documentary The Business of Being Born, which chronicles her home-birthing experience.
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